Mammogram is use of X rays to detect breast cancer. A very low dose radiation is used in this process. Mammogram can be used as a diagnostic or a screening procedure. It is useful as a diagnostic procedure when patient presents with breast symptoms such as lump to determine the nature of the lump. It is useful as a screening tool in asymptomatic group of patients in appropriate age group to detect cancer early.

Screening mammography:
There is various studies which suggest reduction of mortality from bresat cancer in people who attend screening (upto 29%). It is at presnt the best tool available for screening. It is usally done in the community and the results are communicated to the patient later. If any abnormality is detected they are then appropriately referred to the breast surgeons to further evaluate the problem.

Recommendation for Screening

Age:
Current recommended age group is 50-65 where the benefit is highest. There is evidence to suggest there is reduction in death in 40-50 age group but the screening is not advised at present. However they may be screened in specialist surgical clinics at an earlier age if they have any high risk of developing cancer rather than in the community.

Frequency of screening:
They are screened every 2-3 years depending on risk assessment.

Screening method:
There are always 2 views of xryas taken which increases the sensitivity of this procedure.

Biopsy:
It may be indicated if any abnormalities are visualised. Approximately two thirds of screen detected abnormalities are benign. Some times the lesions may be too small and will need to be localised with the help of wire and have to be surgically removed.

Diagnostic Mammography:

This is usually done in specialist clinics following a specific problem detected by the patient or the doctors to give additional information about the problem. In addition to 2 standard views it may include additional views.
Mammogram for diagnosis is performed any one above the age of 35 when they have symptoms. They are not followed up with subsequent mammograms unless it is indicated.

Advantages of mammogram:
They can detect cancer early. They are also found to decrease the death rate of cancer because of early detection.

Disadvantages of mammogram:
Though the radiation is small it still carries a small risk. If the breasts are dense as in younger women the diagnostic accuracy of mammogram will decrease.

You may also find that you feel many strong emotions at this time as you are trying to come to terms with what has happened. The support of an understanding partner or friend can be invaluable. Some people also find that talking to someone who has been in similar circumstances can be helpful. Breast Cancer Care have a volunteer network and can be contacted on 020 7384 2344 or on Nationwide Freeline 0500 245 345. Please remember that the breast care nurses are also available to discuss your concerns and to offer support and advice.

If you are concerned about your progress in any way let us know.

If you require further advice or information please contact the
Macmillan Breast Care Nurses, Hazel Ricard and Hilary Rickwood on 020 8565 5885